During the course of the experiment, when the sugar concentration in the fermenter was low, more feed was added to provide sufficient substrates for succinic acid(cas:110-15-6) production. As the cells produced succinic acid, the pH dropped. It was maintained at pH 6.5 by addition of a 1.5 M Na2CO3 solution through the action of an automatic pH controller. Samples were taken at intervals and analyzed for optical density, glucose, xylose, succinic acid(cas:110-15-6), acetic acid, lactic acid, and ethanol.

As can be noted in a comparison between Example 1 and Example 2, succinate production of the mutant was equivalent when industrial hydrolysate was used versus when the synthetic feedstock was used. This result illustrates the robust character of the invented protocol in that any toxic materials inherent with industrial grade hydrolysates did not degrade the yield.

The ancients wore natural Baltic amber necklaces and bracelets, made from amber stones and chips that washed up on the shores of the Baltic Sea, that were thought to have magical curative powers. They surely had no idea that they were high in succinic acid, but they knew they worked magic on their ills.They used amber in other forms, as well. They made medicines from powder, chips, and stones. They applied amber oils to their bodies to cure ills and slow aging. Amber chips and oils were burned to improve the air in their living quarters and repel flies, mosquitoes and other insects. .

A Dominican Monk, Albert The Great, born in 1193, called Natural Baltic Amber Succinium and stated that it was the most effective of the leading medicines of the time. In order of effectiveness he listed them as Succinium, ocastoreum, mors, camphor, tartarus, and aurum. Amber tinctures were made from beer, wine and water. People found them effective against everything from stomach aches to rheumatism.